Engineering

<img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2025/11/2-5.webp" alt="Applications with AI" title="" id="2ovshdien" width="100%" height="255">Most developers build apps to solve problems. But what if your app could anticipate them?&nbsp; That’s the promise of AI-first development. While the idea may seem daunting, getting started can be as straightforward as experimenting with proof of concept, one that challenges conventional software-building approaches.&nbsp; Let’s explore how this transformative approach works.&nbsp;<h2 class="heading-node" id="wju5vq4px" style="text-align: justify">A Simple Proof of Concept Changes Everything&nbsp;</h2>A recent development effort has sparked a profound shift in perspective on modern application development. The outcome is a simple banking application serving as proof of Concept (POC) not a production-ready system, but one that operates in a fundamentally different way from traditional applications.&nbsp;Instead of navigating through complex menus just to check transactions, users can simply ask for what they need. Instead of filling out multiple fields to transfer money, they just express their intent naturally. This app goes beyond merely responding; it autonomously performs tasks, navigates interfaces, updates settings, and formats data exactly as requested.&nbsp;This level of responsiveness is powered by a compact, 1-billion parameter Large Language Model (LLM) running entirely on the device. No cloud dependency. No latency. Just real-time intelligence embedded within a minimal Flutter app.&nbsp;<h2 class="heading-node" id="5i57cc3a7" style="text-align: justify">The Convergence Driving AI Adoption&nbsp;</h2>Multiple industry forces are reshaping mobile experiences. Breakthroughs in device hardware, rising demand for hyper-personalization, and platform-level AI integration are converging to accelerate the shift toward AI-first development.&nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="w299ff379"><li>Hardware Reality: Mobile device power is exponentially increasing. Running small, efficient AI models locally is quickly becoming standard practice, not a luxury. The computational power that previously required cloud infrastructure now fits in a user’s pocket.&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="8zqgr120j"><li>Business Reality: Premium AI inference subscriptions are increasingly common. Users have shown a willingness to pay for intelligent experiences, making AI capabilities an inevitable necessity for competitive applications.&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="juqugkm4d"><li>Platform Reality: Major mobile operating systems (OS) are moving toward unified, OS-level AI assistants. Imagine asking the system assistant to "order food from Zomato" or "book a cab to the airport," and the action executes seamlessly by integrating with installed applications.&nbsp;</li></ul>However, this future relies on one crucial prerequisite: individual applications must expose their capabilities to the OS-level model through standardized interfaces. This POC demonstrates this principle, not as a complete product, but as a glimpse of the inevitable future.&nbsp;<h2 class="heading-node" id="byj3uylbq" style="text-align: justify">The Paradigm Shift: From Features to Foundation&nbsp;</h2>The industry is at an inflection point. Years of mastering fundamental architectural patterns are reaching saturation:&nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="l4veukh66"><li>MVC, MVVM, clean architecture&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="6cf8h5krn"><li>State management patterns&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="xnmfn1l2f"><li>Responsive UI frameworks&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="7fep9zdwz"><li>API integration&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul>These are well established, thoroughly documented, and widely understood domains with limited scope for innovation. The next revolutionary wave lies in AI-first development, the new and largely untapped frontier. This is not merely about ‘adding a chatbot’ or ‘AI features.’ It means designing an application from the outset to be intelligent, adaptive, and exposable to external AI systems.&nbsp;<h2 class="heading-node" id="b2n0jlwuv" style="text-align: justify">Lessons from Minimal POC&nbsp;</h2>In the minimal banking application, AI is not a secondary feature, it is the primary interface:&nbsp;<table class="border-collapse border border-gray-300" style="min-width: 50px"><colgroup><col style="min-width: 25px"><col style="min-width: 25px"></colgroup><tbody><tr class="border border-gray-300"><td class="border border-gray-300 p-2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Traditional Approach&nbsp;</td><td class="border border-gray-300 p-2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">AI-First Approach (POC)&nbsp;</td></tr><tr class="border border-gray-300"><td class="border border-gray-300 p-2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">User opens app $\to $ Navigates to Transactions $\to$ Filters by date $\to$ Scrolls through list&nbsp;</td><td class="border border-gray-300 p-2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">User: "Show last month’s grocery spending" $\to$App: Executes query, generates visualization, displays result&nbsp;</td></tr></tbody></table>The difference is clear: five manual steps are replaced by one natural language sentence. The real learning, however, is deeper:&nbsp;<ol class="list-node" id="211x94mig"><li>Tool Exposure: Most features were exposed as callable tools. The AI can check balances, transfer money, update settings, and navigate screens, basically everything a human can do through the UI, the AI can execute through intent. The pattern for clear capability exposure is established.&nbsp;</li></ol><ol class="list-node" id="1zzvsql9y" start="2"><li>Dynamic UI Generation: The interface is not static. A request for data as a ‘colorful timeline’ or a ‘compact list’ and the AI generates the appropriate layout on the fly. Same data, infinite presentations.&nbsp;</li></ol><ol class="list-node" id="0e74y2449" start="3"><li>Personalized Adaptation: The basic POC demonstrates the ability to adapt information presentation based on context. Scaled up, this means the application literally becomes tailored to individual preferences.&nbsp;</li></ol><h2 class="heading-node" id="67l8pflc8" style="text-align: justify">Technical Reality: On-Device Intelligence&nbsp;</h2>The most remarkable technical insight is the execution environment. The POC runs on a 1 billion parameter model (Llama 3.2) locally, and not in the cloud. This provides complete privacy and low latency, achieved within a simple Flutter POC developed over a single weekend.&nbsp;This capability exists today with&nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="r0ugck41g"><li>$1$B models (demonstrated locally)&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="z0b6ql7sa"><li>$7$B models (already capable to run on high-end devices)&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="hn5hh92we"><li>Specialized models fine-tuned for specific domains&nbsp;</li></ul>The breakthrough is not in the specific tech stack, but in the possibilities that emerge when development transitions from treating AI as a feature to embracing it as the core foundation. A simple POC is sufficient to reveal this future.&nbsp;<h2 class="heading-node" id="qwx1frmm5" style="text-align: justify">OS-Level Future and App Tooling&nbsp;</h2>A clear prediction based on this experiment is that within 3 to 5 years, OS vendors will establish standard protocols for application-AI integration.&nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="1cjrpeufx"><li>Scenario: OS assistant: ‘Book a cab to the airport’&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="wu2n2lhz6"><li>Application Response: Installed cab apps expose their booking tools to the OS-level AI&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="ox941wb6u"><li>Result: The transaction executes seamlessly without the need to open the app&nbsp;</li></ul>For this orchestration to function, applications must expose their core capabilities as callable tools. The banking app POC demonstrates this by exposing transactions, transfers, settings, and navigation as functions the LLM can invoke. This is not about replacing applications but about creating a unified experience where user intent drives OS-orchestrated execution across multiple applications. Applications that fail to expose intelligent interfaces will feel as dated as non-touch interfaces felt a decade ago.&nbsp;<h2 class="heading-node" id="9s63kxutu" style="text-align: justify">Why is AI-First No Longer Optional?&nbsp;</h2>Every evolved technology platform eventually reaches saturation. Web, mobile, and backend architecture have largely plateaued in foundational innovation. Implementing traditional patterns is now easy, well-documented, and battle tested.&nbsp;AI-centric development represents the next untapped frontier, one that’s rich with opportunity rather than hype. Investing effort in this direction is not about following trends but about strategically positioning development teams at the forefront of the next major platform transformation. Just like how ‘mobile-first’ defined a generation of digital innovation in 2010, ‘AI-first' will be the defining standard of 2025.&nbsp;&nbsp;The goal is a user experience revolution:&nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="6c7e6e60z"><li>Respecting Time: One natural request replaces multiple taps&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="z5sfb5t2h"><li>Reducing Cognitive Load: Users state what they want, not how to achieve it&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="rh07sdxp4"><li>Enabling Accessibility: Voice and text interfaces support any language or ability level&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="qs0fgsue7"><li>Personalizing Experience: Interfaces dynamically adapt to individual preferences&nbsp;</li></ul>It's about creating software that feels less like a tool and more like a helpful, intuitive colleague. Even a minimal POC confirms this immediate difference.&nbsp;<h2 class="heading-node" id="1lld3zr8l" style="text-align: justify">Behind the Scenes: The Core Mechanism&nbsp;</h2>The simple POC operates through three core concepts:&nbsp;<ol class="list-node" id="adya4yfg1"><li>Natural Language Understanding: The AI comprehends the user's intent&nbsp;</li></ol><ol class="list-node" id="djtkjwjgq" start="2"><li>Tool Integration: The AI can perform actions (it doesn't just talk about them)&nbsp;</li></ol><ol class="list-node" id="o01tmng0h" start="3"><li>Dynamic UI Generation: Interfaces are created based on context and user preferences&nbsp;</li></ol>All this is achieved with a small Llama 3.2 1B model running locally. If such a tiny model can demonstrate this potential in a weekend POC, the possibilities with larger, production-grade models are genuinely transformative.&nbsp;<h2 class="heading-node" id="zulrpoi4u" style="text-align: justify">Start Now: Minimal Requirements&nbsp;</h2>Exploring this frontier does not require massive datasets or cutting-edge hardware. It requires:&nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="v8tjgebrg"><li>A clear mental model of AI-first architecture&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="g5fpux9r2"><li>Familiarity with tool-calling frameworks (e.g., those like MCP)&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="m1jem0qmq"><li>A willingness to experiment with local LLMs&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="gvoehloua"><li>A focus on user intent over predefined UI navigation&nbsp;</li></ul>The most important step is simply to start.&nbsp;&nbsp;Build a POC.&nbsp;&nbsp;Because the barrier to entry has never been lower: local models are free, frameworks are maturing, and the development community is collaborative.&nbsp;<h2 class="heading-node" id="vkrmz46ca" style="text-align: justify">Final Thoughts&nbsp;</h2>Every transformative platform shifts initially seemed like ‘overkill’&nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="4ogqxboph"><li>Why do we need apps? Mobile web works fine’&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="dpjosdqhz"><li>Why touch screens? Keyboards work&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="wonec1ob4"><li>Why voice assistants? We have to search&nbsp;</li></ul>AI-first development is rapidly becoming the foundation on which the next generation of financial applications will be built. By adopting this approach early, development teams not only enhance user experiences but also drive competitive advantages and sustainable innovation.&nbsp;&nbsp;The future belongs to those who lead the AI transformation rather than follow it. Taking this proactive stance will define the banking landscape for years to come.&nbsp;This thought leader article was authored by <a class="link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/srinivasan0000/?external_page=LPC.Immersive&amp;external_control=ViewProfileLink&amp;external_app_instance=a1c4a059-11ec-453f-87a1-0aa470978cd0&amp;external_page_instance=0f3680e8-5391-4d77-bef8-7df8cb3dc074&amp;experiment=displayLinkedInDataPrebind" target="">Srinivasan R</a>, Senior Development Engineer, M2P.&nbsp;Follow us on <a class="link Hyperlink SCXW196284913 BCX8" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/m2pfintech/mycompany/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">LinkedIn</a> and <a class="link Hyperlink SCXW196284913 BCX8" href="https://twitter.com/m2pfintech" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Twitter</a> for insightful fintech bytes curated for curious minds like you.

AI-First: Powering the Next Generation of Smart Applications

Why Simplification is the Ultimate Engineering Strategy

Algorithms and the Three Paths of Agrippa’s Trilemma in Fintech

<img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2025/07/2.webp" alt="How Algorithmic Thinking Drives Efficiency and Strategic Success" title="" id="8g0pbe1j9" width="100%" height="253">What if the key to unlocking your organization’s next breakthrough lies not in new technology but in a mindset rooted in centuries-old principles?In today’s technological landscape, algorithms are the unseen engines powering advancements across industries, from software development to core banking operations. Yet, their true potential remains untapped when confined to technical teams alone.Rekindling algorithmic thinking across all levels of an enterprise, starting from developers, managers, infrastructure engineers, product teams, and even founders, can spark innovation, streamline processes, and position organizations as leaders in their fields.In this blog, let’s explore the fundamentals of algorithmic thinking, its historical roots, real-life applications in core banking, and the fascinating algorithms that inspire creative problem-solving.<h2 class="heading-node" id="bntcb1y8c" style="text-align: left">The Strategic Value of Algorithmic Thinking&nbsp;</h2>Algorithmic thinking involves breaking down problems into clear, defined steps to devise effective solutions. This foundational approach transcends technical roles and offers valuable frameworks for decision-making and strategic planning in managerial and executive functions. As technology evolves, maintaining an algorithmic mindset ensures an organization remains agile, efficient, and innovative.&nbsp;<h2 class="heading-node" id="ao7i3upe9" style="text-align: left">Fundamentals of Algorithms&nbsp;</h2><h3 class="heading-node" id="r2qpsradg" style="text-align: left">Origin and Evolution</h3>The term ‘algorithm’ stems from the name of Al-Khwarizmi, a Persian mathematician who is often heralded as the father of algebra. His contributions laid foundational principles for systematic problem-solving.&nbsp;Over the centuries, these principles evolved and converged with major milestones in mathematical and computational theory, most notably, Leibniz’s concept of the ‘calculus ratiocinator’ and Alan Turing’s formulation of the Turing machine. Together, these advancements transformed abstract mathematical ideas into practical tools for computation, laying the groundwork for modern algorithmic thinking and shaping the way we approach complex problems today.&nbsp;<h3 class="heading-node" id="0fpc5kv91" style="text-align: left">Key Contributors to Algorithmic Thinking&nbsp;</h3><h4 class="heading-node" id="7p5kyufat" style="text-align: left">Alan Turing and the Turing Machine&nbsp;</h4>Alan Turing’s concept of the Turing Machine introduced a paradigm where complex problems could be systematically solved through mechanical processes. This abstract model underpins modern computational theory and showcases algorithmic principles in action, simplifying tasks into executable steps that a machine could perform. Through this approach, Turing not only showcased the practical power of algorithmic principles but also established the basis for analyzing computational complexity and error recognition.&nbsp;&nbsp;His early AI algorithms, including strategies for chess-playing machines, exemplified the practical application of algorithmic principles. By consistently viewing scientific challenges through an algorithmic lens, Turing brought rigorous and systematic structure to the art of problem-solving.&nbsp;<h4 class="heading-node" id="6t5whdqie" style="text-align: left">Richard Feynman and Quantum Computing&nbsp;</h4>Richard Feynman played a pivotal role in algorithmic thinking by exploring how classical systems could simulate quantum states. His path integral formulation in quantum mechanics demonstrated the power of algorithms in bridging theoretical concepts and practical applications across disciplines. &nbsp;Feynman’s teaching style further reflected his approach to problem-solving, as he emphasized simplicity and clarity to make complex ideas accessible and promote deeper understanding.&nbsp;This commitment to clear communication and interdisciplinary thinking underscored the versatility of algorithmic methods.&nbsp;Feynman’s development of algorithms for simulating quantum computers with classical systems transformed abstract quantum theory into practical computational techniques, demonstrating just how far the reach of algorithmic thinking extends.<h2 class="heading-node" id="rjns4znqu" style="text-align: left">Core Concepts of Algorithmic Thinking&nbsp;</h2><h3 class="heading-node" id="o6byyj9u3" style="text-align: left">Decomposition&nbsp;</h3>Decomposition involves breaking down a complex problem into smaller, manageable sub-problems. This approach simplifies the overall task and allows for focused solutions to individual components. For example, designing an e-commerce checkout system involves separate steps for user authentication, product selection, payment processing, and order confirmation.&nbsp;<h3 class="heading-node" id="1lc0axpsa" style="text-align: left">Pattern Recognition&nbsp;</h3>Pattern recognition identifies recurring structures or trends within a dataset. Algorithms can leverage these patterns to predict outcomes, optimize solutions, and streamline processes. Fraud detection in banking, for instance, relies on recognizing unusual transaction behaviors that deviate from established patterns.&nbsp;<h3 class="heading-node" id="yj9hzxw17" style="text-align: left">Abstraction&nbsp;</h3>Abstraction simplifies problems by focusing on essential details while ignoring irrelevant ones. This principle enhances clarity and efficiency. In banking, representing customer transactions as graphs can provide a clearer overview of interactions without delving into individual details.&nbsp;<h3 class="heading-node" id="m3o98e54l" style="text-align: left">Algorithm Design&nbsp;</h3>Algorithm design is the art of crafting step-by-step solutions tailored to specific problems. It involves systematically organizing actions to achieve desired results. Dijkstra’s algorithm, for instance, finds the shortest paths in a graph, optimizing routes such as fund transfers between global branches.&nbsp;<h3 class="heading-node" id="35d4shrey" style="text-align: left">Practical Examples&nbsp;</h3>To illustrate these concepts, consider the sorting of a list of names:&nbsp;<ol class="list-node" id="fr5aahchy"><li>Decomposition: Break down the list into smaller segments.&nbsp;</li></ol><ol class="list-node" id="20apjynu0" start="2"><li>Pattern Recognition: Recognize the order in which names appear.&nbsp;</li></ol><ol class="list-node" id="38imi7q0b" start="3"><li>Abstraction: Focus on the alphabetical characters.&nbsp;</li></ol><ol class="list-node" id="ce90cwxt5" start="4"><li>Algorithm Design: Determine steps to arrange names correctly.&nbsp;</li></ol>These steps form the foundation of algorithmic thinking, which now powers critical real-world solutions, especially in sectors like core banking, where efficiency and accuracy are paramount.&nbsp;<h2 class="heading-node" id="0q9yjw2k0" style="text-align: left">Real-Life Applications of Algorithms in Core Banking&nbsp;</h2><h3 class="heading-node" id="qodogb3iw" style="text-align: left">Credit Scoring&nbsp;</h3>Algorithms efficiently assess risk by analyzing customer data, including credit history and transaction patterns. Automated loan approvals based on predictive models streamline operations and enhance decision-making accuracy. For instance, logistic regression models evaluate a customer’s likelihood of repaying a loan, offering tailored interest rates.&nbsp;<h3 class="heading-node" id="5yixxioso" style="text-align: left">Fraud Detection&nbsp;</h3>Pattern recognition algorithms prevent fraud by identifying anomalies in transaction behavior. A customer who typically makes small local purchases will trigger alarms if a large transaction occurs overseas. Banks use these algorithms to block suspicious transactions in real-time and send alerts to customers, safeguarding assets.&nbsp;<h3 class="heading-node" id="047ansbzp" style="text-align: left">Resource Allocation (Banker’s Algorithm)</h3>Dijkstra’s Banker’s Algorithm optimizes resource allocation while preventing shortages and deadlock. Simplified analogies, such as lending money to friends and ensuring optimal resource usage, illustrate how banks manage liquidity and allocate resources strategically.&nbsp;<h3 class="heading-node" id="u8ypzy9ap" style="text-align: left">Efficiency and Optimization&nbsp;</h3>Algorithms enhance efficiency in processes like transaction reconciliation, customer behavior analysis, and risk management. For example, cryptographic hashing verifies that transaction records match across systems, ensuring data integrity and accuracy during interbank settlements or internal audits.&nbsp;While core banking relies on tried-and-tested algorithms for stability and efficiency, the world of algorithms also offers some truly innovative, and even unconventional approaches to problem-solving.&nbsp;<h2 class="heading-node" id="hy5tegzm6" style="text-align: left">Unique and Fascinating Algorithms&nbsp;</h2><h3 class="heading-node" id="4w7afrvkp" style="text-align: left">Feynman's Path Algorithm</h3>Using classical computations to simulate quantum states, Feynman's path algorithm showcases innovative thinking. This algorithm bridges complex quantum mechanics with practical computing strategies, sparking curiosity about unconventional problem-solving techniques.&nbsp;<h3 class="heading-node" id="927l7s2ta" style="text-align: left">Playing Card Sorting</h3>Analogies like sorting playing cards illustrate insertion sort algorithms in relatable scenarios. Whether organizing prize ranges during online shopping or classroom activities, these examples highlight the practical application of sorting algorithms in everyday tasks.&nbsp;<h3 class="heading-node" id="mdosj9kr5" style="text-align: left">Banker's Algorithm</h3>The Banker’s Algorithm provides an engaging story-based explanation of resource allocation and deadlock avoidance. By simplifying complex concepts into entertaining narratives, this algorithm demonstrates crucial banking strategies in an accessible manner.&nbsp;These examples underscore how algorithmic thinking, whether applied through classic or unconventional methods, continues to shape practical solutions in banking and beyond.&nbsp;<h2 class="heading-node" id="hbx99cmcx" style="text-align: left">Conclusion</h2>Rekindling algorithmic thinking across diverse roles, from software engineers to managers, infrastructure engineers, product teams, and founders, is essential for fostering innovation and efficiency within an organization. By revisiting classic principles of algorithmic thinking, modern problems can be addressed more effectively, driving technological advancement and optimizing real-world solutions, particularly in core banking.&nbsp;Encouraging an algorithmic mindset promotes creativity, strategic innovation, and precise decision-making, ensuring an organization remains at the forefront of technological and operational excellence.&nbsp;<blockquote class="block-node" id="xnv2jytf6">This thought leader article was authored by <a class="link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/hemachandar-ec-93a58527/" target="">Hemachandar Ejamanam Chakravarthy</a>, Director, Engineering, M2P</blockquote><a class="link fui-Link ___1idfs5o f3rmtva f1ewtqcl fyind8e f1k6fduh f1w7gpdv fk6fouc fjoy568 figsok6 f1hu3pq6 f11qmguv f19f4twv f1tyq0we f1g0x7ka fhxju0i f1qch9an f1cnd47f fqv5qza f1vmzxwi f1o700av f13mvf36 f1cmlufx f9n3di6 f1ids18y f1tx3yz7 f1deo86v f1eh06m1 f1iescvh ftqa4ok f2hkw1w fhgqx19 f1olyrje f1p93eir f1h8hb77 f1x7u7e9 f10aw75t fsle3fq f17ae5zn" href="https://m2pfintech.com/newsletter/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Subscribe</a>&nbsp;to our newsletter and get the latest fintech news, views, and insights directly to your inbox.Follow us on&nbsp;<a class="link fui-Link ___1idfs5o f3rmtva f1ewtqcl fyind8e f1k6fduh f1w7gpdv fk6fouc fjoy568 figsok6 f1hu3pq6 f11qmguv f19f4twv f1tyq0we f1g0x7ka fhxju0i f1qch9an f1cnd47f fqv5qza f1vmzxwi f1o700av f13mvf36 f1cmlufx f9n3di6 f1ids18y f1tx3yz7 f1deo86v f1eh06m1 f1iescvh ftqa4ok f2hkw1w fhgqx19 f1olyrje f1p93eir f1h8hb77 f1x7u7e9 f10aw75t fsle3fq f17ae5zn" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/m2pfintech/mycompany/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">LinkedIn</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a class="link fui-Link ___1idfs5o f3rmtva f1ewtqcl fyind8e f1k6fduh f1w7gpdv fk6fouc fjoy568 figsok6 f1hu3pq6 f11qmguv f19f4twv f1tyq0we f1g0x7ka fhxju0i f1qch9an f1cnd47f fqv5qza f1vmzxwi f1o700av f13mvf36 f1cmlufx f9n3di6 f1ids18y f1tx3yz7 f1deo86v f1eh06m1 f1iescvh ftqa4ok f2hkw1w fhgqx19 f1olyrje f1p93eir f1h8hb77 f1x7u7e9 f10aw75t fsle3fq f17ae5zn" href="https://twitter.com/m2pfintech" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Twitter</a>&nbsp;for insightful fintech bytes curated for curious minds like you.

Rekindling Algorithmic Thinking: A Strategic Imperative for Modern Enterprises

&nbsp;<img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2024/03/Creative-for-SSL.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="253">Welcome to our latest blog, where we dive into the critical security technique known as SSL Pinning. This method plays a pivotal role in thwarting eavesdropping attacks on the communication between an app and its server.SSL Pinning involves a process where, after the initial exchange of encryption keys, the app verifies the validity of the server's certificate. It achieves this by maintaining a list of trusted certificates on the device itself, which are then compared to the server's certificate in real time as the app operates.&nbsp;If there is a discrepancy, indicating that the server's certificate does not align with the trusted ones, the app promptly halts the connection.&nbsp;Types of SSL Pinning:<ul class="list-node" id="c5h0hkum0"><li>SSL Pinning using Certificate: This method has the drawback that we must update the app each time the pinned certificate expires. However, by anchoring upcoming certificates in the application, this problem may be resolved. We may use the hashed public key, which won't change for subsequent certifications, rather than pinning the entire certificate.&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="8d24u2471"><li>SSL Pinning using server Public key:&nbsp;This method includes attaching the certificate's public key (certificate expiration need not be a concern here).</li></ul>Mobile applications must retrieve data from the server to display it to consumers. However, private data, such as the user's login and password, is occasionally transmitted between the program and the server. SSL Pinning is mainly used in the prevention of man-in-the-middle attacks.Man-In-The-Middle Attack &nbsp;This type of attack allows the attacker to covertly view data passed from the client to the server by using a specialized server called an SSL proxy. It is a tool that encrypts and decrypts data between the client and the server using different keys for each direction. Charles, a proxy server used for testing, is one such example. It works in several phases to intercept and analyze the data between the app and the server.  By sitting between the app and the internet, it allows you to examine and modify data in real-time to test the response of the application.&nbsp;<ol class="list-node" id="xyrs1alxr"><li>Instead of using the server's key to encrypt data, your app utilizes the public key of the Charles ProxyCertificate. The Charles Certificate is considered valid because the developer can install it on their device.&nbsp;</li><li><a class="link" href="https://www.kodeco.com/21931256-charles-proxy-tutorial-for-ios">Charles</a> may connect to the server using its public key after using its private key to decode all the data. Be aware that any developer can read all the data that your app sends over the network. &nbsp;</li></ol>SSL Pinning using Public Key &nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="r0h4qy5p1"><li>Get public certificates using OpenSSL by typing a command in the terminal/console to get the PEM key. &nbsp;</li></ul>echo "Get HTTP/1.0" | openssl s_client -showcerts -connectwww.MyDomainName.com:443 &gt; myPemCertificateName.pem &nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="93uejjeug"><li>Type this command to turn the created PEM key into .der format.</li></ul>openssl x509 -in "myPemFileName.pem" -inform PEM -out "myDerFileName.der" -outform DER &nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="62sgzhr0g"><li>Use this command to get the public key from the URL in SHA256 format. &nbsp;</li></ul>openssl s_client -connect www.MyDomainName.com:443 | openssl x509 -pubkey -noout | openssl rsa -pubin -outform der | openssl dgst -sha256 -binary | openssl enc -base64 &nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="bos2d0jr8"><li>443 is the safe port for HTTPS. If your website uses a different port, use that number instead of 443. &nbsp;</li><li>The result should look like this. &nbsp;</li></ul>A3r26k+KOMuKJHB5B67cpGqqPhF/GNUyNl2EPJKB65KJUe+hXMn1k= &nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="munqf5sov"><li>Generate the Hash Key using this <a class="link" href="https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/">link</a> as well. &nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="a5wc1jmum"><li>Create a variable to store the Public key that we get from the certificate. &nbsp;</li></ul>static let sslPublicKey ="A3r26k+KOMuKJHB5B67cpGqqPhF/GNUyN2EPJKB6KJUe+hXMn1k=" &nbsp;Pinning with Alamofire &nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="vlgnafls0"><li>Using the regular API can be complicated. Using Alamofire is recommended because it is an external library that offers a simpler way to work with APIs, making your life easier. &nbsp;</li><li>The ServerTrustEvaluating protocol is the foundation of everything. It allows us to evaluate server trust in various ways. Alamofire has several trust evaluators. You can read the full documentation <a class="link" href="https://github.com/Alamofire/Alamofire/blob/master/Documentation/AdvancedUsage.md#security">here</a>. &nbsp;</li><li>Select the ServerTrustEvaluator for each API. &nbsp;</li></ul> <img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2024/03/ss1.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="138"><ul class="list-node" id="7fgyhm915"><li>Then create a session with them, and you can customize your configuration. &nbsp;</li></ul> <img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2024/03/ss2.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="88"><ul class="list-node" id="p64ip70za"><li>rsa2048Asn1Header is a list of whole numbers that shows the algorithm and any additional information used with the public key. &nbsp;</li><li>This private func sha256(data: Data) -&gt; String function creates a coded hash using the sha256 method for the given data and encodes it in base64. &nbsp;</li><li>import CommonCrypto for sha256 algorithm &nbsp;</li><li>In SessionDelegate, the URLAuthenticationChallenge method is used to get ServerPublicKeyData &nbsp;</li></ul> <img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2024/03/ss3.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="44"><ul class="list-node" id="0b7oumb7i"><li>We can perform some actions using this delegate method and match our Public Key with Server Public Key. &nbsp;</li></ul> <img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2024/03/ss4.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="569">Implementing SSL pinning using a public key in iOS enhances security by ensuring that only trusted servers with specific public keys can establish connections. This method mitigates the risks associated with man-in-the-middle attacks and unauthorized access to sensitive data, providing users with a more secure experience.Stay tuned for more blogs on tech, engineering, and iOS development.&nbsp;This blog is written by <a class="link" href="https://teams.microsoft.com/l/message/19:2ef83816-29e0-4b52-8caa-64b0aeca1ec1_dd9ec8f1-8445-4b0a-92af-aa769014f3db@unq.gbl.spaces/1709882415989?context=%7B%22contextType%22%3A%22chat%22%7D">Senthilkumar</a>, SDE 2 – Product Engineering at M2P.

Setting up SSL Pinning using Public Key in Swift

<img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/12/For-Wordpress-1.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" id="8q7035tgd" width="100%" height="317">Efficient communication between components is crucial for the overall performance and responsiveness of a system in a microservices architecture.But how can you achieve optimal communication between the components?Dive into this blog as <a class="link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/maathavan-tr-vinayak-2ab153a3/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Maathavan Vinayak</a>, our Engineering Director, guides you through the ways to achieve faster communication between inter-components in a microservices architecture to improve overall agility and efficiency.Communication becomes the linchpin for seamless operations in a microservices architecture. The figure below depicts the intricacy of communication within a sophisticated microservices architecture.<img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/12/Architecture-1-2.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="254">&nbsp;<h2 class="heading-node" id="fddfmsxu9" style="text-align: justify">Asynchronous Communication</h2>Implement asynchronous messaging systems, such as message queues (e.g., Apache Kafka, RabbitMQ) or publish-subscribe systems. This allows components to communicate without waiting for immediate responses and improves system responsiveness.<h2 class="heading-node" id="7rumoo3ns" style="text-align: justify">Caching</h2>Use caching mechanisms (e.g. Redis) to store frequently accessed data close to the components that need it. This reduces the necessity to make expensive calls to other services repeatedly.<h2 class="heading-node" id="6gwb3mowd" style="text-align: justify">Load Balancing</h2>Implement load balancers to evenly distribute traffic among multiple instances of a service. This prevents overloading a single instance and ensures efficient resource utilization.<h2 class="heading-node" id="z8gp7300t" style="text-align: justify">Connection Pooling</h2>Use connection pooling to manage and reuse database or external service connections. This approach effectively reduces the overhead associated with creating new connections for each request.<h2 class="heading-node" id="2ik8msq4n" style="text-align: justify">Microservices Gateway</h2>Implement a microservices gateway or API gateway that acts as a single entry point for clients. It can consolidate multiple requests into a single request to backend services, thus reducing latency.<h2 class="heading-node" id="i9c8tkwf8" style="text-align: justify">Content Delivery Networks (CDNs)</h2>Offload static assets and content to Content Delivery Networks to serve them from edge locations. This reduces latency for clients.<h2 class="heading-node" id="gtwdc43ci" style="text-align: justify">Service Mesh</h2>Use a service mesh (e.g. Istio, Linkerd) to handle communication, routing, and load balancing between services. It provides observability and control over service-to-service communication.<h2 class="heading-node" id="fxkshmrw7" style="text-align: justify">HTTP/2 and gRPC</h2>HTTP/2 is used to improve efficiency in HTTP communication. gRPC offers high-performance, multiplexed, and strongly typed communication between microservices.<h2 class="heading-node" id="1p1mqqaia" style="text-align: justify">Connection Keep-Alive</h2>Configure connection keep-alive settings to reuse existing connections and reduce the overhead of establishing new ones.<h2 class="heading-node" id="lcjddkypg" style="text-align: justify">Optimize Data Transfer</h2>Minimize the amount of data transferred between services. Use protocols like Protocol Buffers or JSON Web Tokens (JWT) for efficient data serialization.<h2 class="heading-node" id="m5qavhcie" style="text-align: justify">Distributed Tracing</h2>Implement distributed tracing solutions (e.g., Open Telemetry, Zipkin) to monitor and diagnose latency issues across microservices.<h2 class="heading-node" id="zj0fcyerv" style="text-align: justify">Parallelism</h2>Maximize efficiency by designing services to execute operations in parallel, enabling concurrent task execution and minimizing response time.<h2 class="heading-node" id="0nwmmaxj5" style="text-align: justify">Content Compression</h2>Enable content compression (e.g. gzip) to reduce the size of data transmitted over the network.<h2 class="heading-node" id="4kjwkvj2u" style="text-align: justify">CDN for API Responses</h2>Use CDNs to cache and serve API responses closer to end-users, reducing round-trip times for requests.<h2 class="heading-node" id="cbssdv6wa" style="text-align: justify">Response Caching</h2>Implement response caching mechanisms at the API level to serve cached responses for read-heavy operations.<h2 class="heading-node" id="dyv4dfs0l" style="text-align: justify">Prioritize API Endpoints</h2>Prioritize and optimize critical API endpoints to ensure they receive the necessary resources and attention to maintain low latency.<h2 class="heading-node" id="et1ym6s5b" style="text-align: justify">Reduce Chatty APIs</h2>Minimize the number of API calls required to fulfill a client request. Consolidate or batch multiple requests into a single request where possible.<h2 class="heading-node" id="a7mk7hl80" style="text-align: justify">Optimize Code</h2>Continuously optimize your microservices codebase for efficiency and performance to minimize bottlenecks. The following figure demonstrates the ongoing efforts in optimizing the code consistently for efficient data handling.<img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/12/Architecture-2-1.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="253">Effective communication between microservices is a key consideration for system performance. The choice of specific techniques and technologies should align with your application requirements and use case.How do you enable efficient communication in a microservices architecture for streamlined collaboration, heightened performance, and lasting success?Share your experiences from your engineering journey in the comments below.<a class="link fui-Link ___1qmgydl f3rmtva f1ewtqcl fyind8e f1k6fduh f1w7gpdv fk6fouc fjoy568 figsok6 f1hu3pq6 f11qmguv f19f4twv f1tyq0we f1g0x7ka fhxju0i f1qch9an f1cnd47f fqv5qza f1vmzxwi f1o700av f13mvf36 f1cmlufx f9n3di6 f1ids18y f1tx3yz7 f1deo86v f1eh06m1 f1iescvh ftqa4ok f2hkw1w fhgqx19 f1olyrje f1p93eir f1h8hb77 f1x7u7e9 f10aw75t fsle3fq" href="https://m2pfintech.com/newsletter/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Subscribe</a>&nbsp;to our newsletter and get the latest fintech news, views, and insights, directly to your inbox.Follow us on&nbsp;<a class="link fui-Link ___1qmgydl f3rmtva f1ewtqcl fyind8e f1k6fduh f1w7gpdv fk6fouc fjoy568 figsok6 f1hu3pq6 f11qmguv f19f4twv f1tyq0we f1g0x7ka fhxju0i f1qch9an f1cnd47f fqv5qza f1vmzxwi f1o700av f13mvf36 f1cmlufx f9n3di6 f1ids18y f1tx3yz7 f1deo86v f1eh06m1 f1iescvh ftqa4ok f2hkw1w fhgqx19 f1olyrje f1p93eir f1h8hb77 f1x7u7e9 f10aw75t fsle3fq" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/m2pfintech/mycompany/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">LinkedIn</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a class="link fui-Link ___1qmgydl f3rmtva f1ewtqcl fyind8e f1k6fduh f1w7gpdv fk6fouc fjoy568 figsok6 f1hu3pq6 f11qmguv f19f4twv f1tyq0we f1g0x7ka fhxju0i f1qch9an f1cnd47f fqv5qza f1vmzxwi f1o700av f13mvf36 f1cmlufx f9n3di6 f1ids18y f1tx3yz7 f1deo86v f1eh06m1 f1iescvh ftqa4ok f2hkw1w fhgqx19 f1olyrje f1p93eir f1h8hb77 f1x7u7e9 f10aw75t fsle3fq" href="https://twitter.com/m2pfintech" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">X</a>&nbsp;for insightful fintech bytes curated for curious minds like you.

Strategies for Efficient Component Communication in Microservices Architecture

<img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/12/Learning-from-mistakes-banner-2-1.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" id="by9un3ux7" width="100%" height="487">Learning from mistakes is an essential part of engineering practice. Mistakes can lead to significant milestones that transform design, process, and overall outcome. To know how, read this blog. Our Engineering Director, <a class="link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/maathavan-tr-vinayak-2ab153a3/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Maathavan Vinayak</a>, takes you through proven strategies that normalize mistakes and transform them into catalysts for continuous learning and improvement.<h2 class="heading-node" id="ygy40wx68" style="text-align: justify">Create a Culture of Openness</h2>Encourage engineers to report and discuss mistakes without fear of judgment or blame. Foster an environment where team members feel comfortable admitting errors and sharing their learnings.<img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/12/Learning-from-mistakes-1.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="487"><h2 class="heading-node" id="sp600ppnd" style="text-align: justify">Establish Clear Processes</h2>Implement a formal process for investigating mistakes, identifying root causes, and documenting lessons learned. This process should be standardized across teams and projects to ensure consistent learning across the organization.<h2 class="heading-node" id="75e7u8c1w" style="text-align: justify">Analyze Root Cause&nbsp;</h2>Go beyond simply identifying the immediate cause of a mistake and dig deeper to understand the underlying systemic issues that contributed to the error. This may involve reviewing design documents, analyzing process flows, and interviewing stakeholders.<h2 class="heading-node" id="hx5ygua8e" style="text-align: justify">Implement Corrective Actions</h2>Once the root causes have been identified, develop, and implement effective corrective actions to address the underlying issues and prevent similar mistakes from recurring. This may involve design modifications, process improvements, or training initiatives.<h2 class="heading-node" id="7dmutodf7" style="text-align: justify">Communicate Lessons Learned</h2>Share the findings of mistake investigations and the lessons learned with the broader engineering community. This can be done through team meetings, documentation, or dedicated knowledge-sharing platforms.<h2 class="heading-node" id="1zgvbwnkv" style="text-align: justify">Use Insights for Future Improvement</h2>Integrate the insights gained from mistake analysis into future design reviews, process development discussions, and quality assurance procedures. This ensures that lessons learned are embedded in ongoing engineering activities.<h2 class="heading-node" id="a549a2j3k" style="text-align: justify">Document Wisdom</h2>Keep a record of lessons learned from each mistake. Documenting your experiences, along with the insights gained, helps create a reference for future situations. This can be in the form of a personal journal, team retrospective, or project documentation.<h2 class="heading-node" id="fhgcg4qhu" style="text-align: justify">Share Knowledge</h2>Share your experiences with others. Discussing mistakes openly fosters a culture of learning and helps prevent similar errors in the future. It also demonstrates vulnerability and encourages others to share their experiences.<img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/12/Learning-from-mistakes-2.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="487"><h2 class="heading-node" id="id7m285wl" style="text-align: justify">Be Proactive to Prevent Mistakes</h2>Employ tools and methodologies such as Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA), hazard analysis, and risk management techniques to proactively identify and address potential mistakes before they occur.<h2 class="heading-node" id="0vibwyykk" style="text-align: justify">Foster Learning&nbsp;</h2>Encourage a growth mindset among engineers, emphasizing the value of learning from mistakes as an opportunity for improvement and innovation. Recognize and reward individuals who contribute to mistake prevention and learning initiatives.<h2 class="heading-node" id="0z5206u6a" style="text-align: justify">Take Ownership</h2>Give engineers ownership of their work and encourage them to identify and address potential mistakes proactively. Empower them to suggest improvements and implement corrective actions within their scope of responsibility.<h2 class="heading-node" id="8w1pk8sfh" style="text-align: justify">Improve Continuously&nbsp;</h2>Regularly evaluate and refine the processes for identifying, analyzing, and learning from mistakes. This will ensure that the learning process is effective and adaptive to the evolving needs of the engineering function. By incorporating these strategies, engineering teams can transform mistakes into milestones and pave the way for a culture centered around learning and continuous improvement. The proactive approach not only reduces errors but also elevates design quality and creates superior outcomes for projects and products. Now, it's your turn to share. What's your most valuable lesson learned from a mistake in your engineering journey? Share your thoughts and experiences in the comments below. <a class="link fui-Link ___1qmgydl f3rmtva f1ewtqcl fyind8e f1k6fduh f1w7gpdv fk6fouc fjoy568 figsok6 f1hu3pq6 f11qmguv f19f4twv f1tyq0we f1g0x7ka fhxju0i f1qch9an f1cnd47f fqv5qza f1vmzxwi f1o700av f13mvf36 f1cmlufx f9n3di6 f1ids18y f1tx3yz7 f1deo86v f1eh06m1 f1iescvh ftqa4ok f2hkw1w fhgqx19 f1olyrje f1p93eir f1h8hb77 f1x7u7e9 f10aw75t fsle3fq" href="https://m2pfintech.com/newsletter/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Subscribe</a>&nbsp;to our newsletter and get the latest fintech news, views, and insights, directly to your inbox. Follow us on&nbsp;<a class="link fui-Link ___1qmgydl f3rmtva f1ewtqcl fyind8e f1k6fduh f1w7gpdv fk6fouc fjoy568 figsok6 f1hu3pq6 f11qmguv f19f4twv f1tyq0we f1g0x7ka fhxju0i f1qch9an f1cnd47f fqv5qza f1vmzxwi f1o700av f13mvf36 f1cmlufx f9n3di6 f1ids18y f1tx3yz7 f1deo86v f1eh06m1 f1iescvh ftqa4ok f2hkw1w fhgqx19 f1olyrje f1p93eir f1h8hb77 f1x7u7e9 f10aw75t fsle3fq" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/m2pfintech/mycompany/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">LinkedIn</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a class="link fui-Link ___1qmgydl f3rmtva f1ewtqcl fyind8e f1k6fduh f1w7gpdv fk6fouc fjoy568 figsok6 f1hu3pq6 f11qmguv f19f4twv f1tyq0we f1g0x7ka fhxju0i f1qch9an f1cnd47f fqv5qza f1vmzxwi f1o700av f13mvf36 f1cmlufx f9n3di6 f1ids18y f1tx3yz7 f1deo86v f1eh06m1 f1iescvh ftqa4ok f2hkw1w fhgqx19 f1olyrje f1p93eir f1h8hb77 f1x7u7e9 f10aw75t fsle3fq" href="https://twitter.com/m2pfintech" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">X</a>&nbsp;for insightful fintech bytes curated for curious minds like you.

How can Engineers Turn Mistakes into Wins?

Journey of Webhooks from Basics to Tech Depths

<img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/07/Banner-1.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="487">In the world of iOS app development, the ability to dynamically generate PDF documents from HTML content is a game changer. Imagine the possibilities of effortlessly transforming dynamic data in the form of interactive reports, professional invoices, or document generation workflows into stunning PDFs. &nbsp; In this blog, our Software Development Engineer, <a class="link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/balaji-pandian-905b13a4/">Balaji Pandian</a> will give you step-by-step instructions on how to generate a PDF file from HTML in an iOS app using Swift.&nbsp; To begin with, you must have Xcode installed on your machine, as it serves as the development environment for iOS apps.&nbsp;&nbsp; Let’s get started.&nbsp;<h2 class="heading-node" id="hme28mddg">Step 1: Project Set up&nbsp;</h2><ul class="list-node" id="zg7jdvkxs"><li>Open the Xcode and create a new iOS project.</li><li>Select the "Single View App" template and give your project a suitable name.</li><li>Choose Swift as the programming language and configure the desired options for other project settings.&nbsp;</li><li>&nbsp;After the project is created, navigate to the ViewController.swift file.&nbsp;</li></ul><h2 class="heading-node" id="4yc0san15">Step 2: Import Frameworks&nbsp;&nbsp;</h2>To generate PDF from HTML, we need to import the necessary frameworks. Add the following import statements at the top of ViewController.swift file:<img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-18-at-11.38.22-AM.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="137"><h2 class="heading-node" id="y1ph15tmb">Step 3: WebView Setup&nbsp;</h2><ul class="list-node" id="v84kzmck1"><li>Create a new class, ViewController, that inherits from UIViewController and adopts the WKNavigationDelegate protocol. This class will handle the generation of the PDF file.</li><li>Inside the ViewController class, override the viewDidLoad() method and perform the following steps:&nbsp;</li></ul><ul class="list-node" id="ztndi0sl0"><li>Create an instance of WKWebView.&nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="2z01nr0l1"><li>Set the navigationDelegate of the web view to self.&nbsp;</li></ul></li></ul><img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/07/MicrosoftTeams-image-41.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="140"><ul class="list-node" id="chyj4so0r"><li>Drag the Sample Invoice HTML file into the project.</li></ul><img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/07/MicrosoftTeams-image-42.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="550">Initiate the HTML file (Invoice.html) from the bundle and load the WebView request.&nbsp;<img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-18-at-11.38.59-AM.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="142"><h2 class="heading-node" id="y5peyrzg1">Step 4: Generating PDF</h2><ul class="list-node" id="9ty9k7cs1"><li>Implement the webView(:didFinish:) method from the WKNavigationDelegate protocol. This method will be called when the web view finishes loading the JSON string to HTML file content.&nbsp;</li><li>In Swift, the evaluateJavaScript method is used to execute JavaScript code within a WKWebView or WKWebViewConfiguration object. It allows you to interact with the web content loaded in the webView and manipulate it using JavaScript.&nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="c7580oopd"><li>Pass the webView instance to generatePDF (formatter: UIViewPrintFormatter() method.&nbsp;<img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-18-at-11.39.34-AM.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="637"></li><li>Mapping the JSON string to HTML key value&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul></li></ul><img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/07/MicrosoftTeams-image-39-1.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="930"><ul class="list-node" id="p5u3a95y2"><li>Implement the generatePDF method that takes a WKWebView instance and a handler.&nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="a4ggsobqv"><li>Create an instance of UIPrintPageRenderer&nbsp;</li><li>Add the web view's viewPrintFormatter() to the print page renderer&nbsp;</li><li>Set the paper size and printable area of the PDF&nbsp;</li><li>Create an instance of NSMutableData to store the PDF data&nbsp;</li><li>Initiate the PDF context using UIGraphicsBeginPDFContextToData().&nbsp;</li><li>Iterate over the print page renderer's number of pages and draw each page using UIGraphicsBeginPDFPage() and printPageRenderer.drawPage(at:in:).&nbsp;</li><li>End the PDF context using UIGraphicsEndPDFContext().&nbsp;</li><li>Pass the generated PDF data.&nbsp;</li></ul></li></ul><img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-18-at-11.37.56-AM.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="677"><ul class="list-node" id="lo9g3z837"><li>Implement the savePDFToDisk(pdfData:) method to save the generated PDF data to the device's document directory.&nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="525ws2f7l"><li>Check if the PDF data is not NIL&nbsp;</li><li>Get the document directory path using NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains().&nbsp;</li><li>Construct the file path for the PDF&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Use pdfData.write(to:) to save the PDF data to the file&nbsp;</li><li>Handle if any errors occur during the file-saving process&nbsp;</li></ul></li></ul><img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/07/Screenshot-2023-07-18-at-11.40.10-AM.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="504">To achieve a PDF preview with full view in Swift UI, you can utilize the PDFView class provided by Apple's PDFKit framework.&nbsp;<img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/07/MicrosoftTeams-image-38.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="296">The below figure shows the final output of the conversion of PDF file from HTML format<img src="https://m2p-website-file.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/m2p-website-file/marketing-cms/m2p-blog/2023/07/invoice-1.webp" alt="M2P Fintech" title="" width="100%" height="487">By leveraging the WebKit framework, we have successfully achieved the rendering of HTML content within a WKWebView, subsequently converting it into a PDF document.&nbsp; It is important to note that handling error cases and tailoring the code to meet your specific requirements is essential.&nbsp;&nbsp; There are further possibilities to explore and enhance the PDF generation process by:&nbsp;<ul class="list-node" id="5vxn85mom"><li>Empowering users to dynamically customize the HTML content&nbsp;</li><li>Elevating the PDF layout with print page renderer modifications&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Implementing pagination and header/footer support&nbsp;</li></ul>You can also explore and combine various techniques to create unique and compelling PDFs tailored to your specific requirements on the fly. So, dive in, experiment, and explore.&nbsp; Happy coding!&nbsp; Want to know more, reach out to us at <a class="link" href="mailto:business@m2pfintech.com">business@m2pfintech.com.</a>&nbsp;&nbsp; Our team of experts is eager to connect with you.&nbsp; <a class="link" href="https://m2pfintech.com/newsletter/">Subscribe</a>&nbsp;to our newsletter and get the latest fintech news, views, and insights, directly to your inbox. Follow us on&nbsp;<a class="link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/m2pfintech/mycompany/">LinkedIn</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a class="link" href="https://twitter.com/m2pfintech">Twitter</a> for insightful fintech bytes curated for curious minds like you.